Nepal’s post-conflict transition after the 2006 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) is facing tremendous challenges such as ensuring livelihood security; implementing the commitments made in the Peace Agreement; promulgating the new constitution; ensuring peace dividends to the poor, marginalised and socially excluded groups; providing justice to the conflict victims; exercising rule of law and good governance; and implementing reconstruction and development.
This paper examines the interaction between people and governance and how they are dealing with the issue of livelihood insecurity. Based on empirical data and review of literature, this paper highlights that livelihood security is directly related with the basic services and social protection measures adapted by the government and non-governmental sector. This paper highlights the need for comprehensive assessment of the current situation in terms of policy and institutional arrangements. This paper concludes that addressing the current livelihood challenges requires thorough research, conducive policy, responsive institutions and political commitment.